Who is Gonna Win the European Championship?

"Football is a shining example of the value of cross-border exchange in Europe. Leagues throughout Europe benefit from successful training concepts in individual countries. Conversely, competitive foreign clubs help to improve these countries’ national players," says cep economist André Wolf, who conducted the study.

According to the study, the French national team stands out as an export hit among the major football nations. Players working for foreign clubs account for more than 60% of the market value of this team. At 25% in Germany and 20% in Italy, this proportion is significantly lower.

European integration has also intensified significantly over the past ten years in the areas of merchandise trade and Foreign Direct Investment. This applies to all Member States, including those countries that are increasingly detaching themselves from Brussels at the political level.

"The prerequisites for exciting football matches- a healthy competitive spirit and fairness - must once again become the guiding principles of the EU internal market. This requires more strategic overview and fewer tactical fouls in Brussels," demands study author André Wolf. The European Football Championship kicks off in Germany on 14 June, with 32 teams taking part for the first time - more than ever before.